Northeast India is the eastern-most region of India connected to East India via a narrow corridor squeezed between Nepal and Bangladesh. It comprises the contiguous Seven Sister States—Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland and Tripura—and the Himalayan state of Sikkim.
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North East India |
The following figures highlight the biodiversity significance of the region (Hegde 2000, FSI, 2003) :
1. 51 Forest types are found in the region broadly classified into six major forest types viz.,
tropical moist deciduous forests, tropical semi evergreen forests, tropical wet evergreen
forests, subtropical forests, temperate forests and alpine forests
2. Out of the 9 important vegetation types of India, 6 are found in the North Eastern region.
3. These forests harbour 80,000 out of 15,000 species of flowering plants . These include
•
40 out of 54 species of gymnosperms
•
500 out of 1012 species of Pteridophytes
•
825 out of 1145 species of orchids
•
80 out of 90 species of rhododendrons
•
60 out of 110 species of bamboo• 25 out of 56 species of canes
4. The faunal diversity is relatively better documented than its floral counterparts for the Noth
Eastern region. However the discovery of newer species like the Tawang Macaque (Macaca sp)
and range extensions of the Chinese goral (
Nemorhaedatus caudatus) and leaf deer (Mentiacus
putaoensis
) highlights the dire need for more extensive research and systematic documentationof biodiversity of the North East.
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